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Antioxidant

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

seasonal-skincare-lv4
AntioxidantFirmness / AgingBrightening
INCI: Ascorbic Acid / derivatives
In short · TL;DR
Category
Antioxidant
Effect
Antioxidant, collagen synthesis (cofactor for proline hydroxylation), melanin suppression
Concentration
Pure form 5-20% (pH 3.5 or below), APPS 1-3%
Effect
Antioxidant, collagen synthesis (cofactor for proline hydroxylation), melanin suppression
Mechanism
ROS scavenging, tyrosinase inhibition, regeneration cycle with vitamin E
Typical concentration
Pure form 5-20% (pH 3.5 or below), APPS 1-3%
Onset
Antioxidant: immediate. Brightening: 8-12 weeks. Collagen: 12+ weeks
Cautions
Pure form is extremely unstable. Risk of irritation at high concentrations
Evidence & references
Pinnell et al. (2001) [PubMed], Pullar et al. (2017) [PubMed]
Journal

Related Journal

10
Care Guides by ConcernDark spot and dullness care — the mechanism of melanin and effective ingredientsThe Complete Peptide GuideThe science of multi-peptide formulations -- synergy and antagonismThe Complete Vitamin C GuideWhy is vitamin C good for skin? -- Three key effectsThe Complete Vitamin C GuideTypes of vitamin C derivatives -- APPS, VC-Ethyl, and ascorbic acid differencesThe Complete Vitamin C GuideVitamin C effective concentrations and stability -- the pH 3.5 barrierThe Complete Vitamin C GuideCutting-edge vitamin C -- liposomal delivery and next-gen derivativesAn Honest Word on IngredientsThe Truth About "Collagen-Infused" — Does Topical Application Really Work?UV & Photoaging SciencePhotoimmune suppression and DNA damage — the invisible damage of UVUV & Photoaging ScienceMolecular mechanisms of photoaging and photoprotection strategiesSeasonal & Environmental SkincarePollen, PM2.5, blue light — environmental stress and skin
This page is reference information and does not guarantee efficacy. Figures vary by test conditions (in vitro / manufacturer / concentration). It does not indicate pharmaceutical efficacy.
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